The scientific manuscript was published on IEEExplore webpage with contributors from KTH Royal Institute of Technology, Keysight Technologies GmbH, RISE Research Institutes of Sweden, Zhejiang University and RTU Institute of Telecommunications – Xioadan Pang, Oskars Ozolins, Toms Salgals, Armands Ostrovskis, Sandis Spolitis and Vjaceslavs Bobrovs.
What is the paper about?
Development of Data Center based computing technology require energy efficient high-speed transmission links. This leads to optical amplification-free intensity modulation and direct detection (IM/DD) systems with low complexity equalization compliant with IEEE standardized electrical interfaces. Switching from on-off keying to multi-level pulse amplitude modulation would allow to reduce lane count for next generation Ethernet interfaces. We characterize 106.25 Gbaud on-off keying, 4-level and 6-level pulse amplitude modulation links using two integrated transmitters: O-band directly modulated laser and C-band externally modulated laser. Simple feed forward or decision feedback equalizer is used. We demonstrate 106.25 Gbaud on-off keying links operating without forward error correction for both transmitters. We also show 106.25 Gbaud 4-level and 6-level pulse amplitude modulation links with performance below 6.25% overhead hard-decision forward error threshold of 4.5×10 -3 . Furthermore, for EML-based transmitter we achieve 106.25 Gbaud 4-level pulse amplitude modulation performance below KP-FEC threshold of 2.2×10 -4 . That shows that we can use optics to support (2x)100 Gbps Ethernet on single lambda at expense of simple forward error correction.
The copy of the manuscript can be found on the IEEExplore webpage.
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